The beads were developed and mixed wih adhesive to control the air gap length lgap of the ferrite core.
the size of the bead also can be costomized according to customer requirements in the range of 0.5 ~ 250 um;
the tolerance of the max. bead size can be controlled within +2um of the mean diameters for most of the beads.
Adding an air gap to the transformer increases the reluctance of the magnetic circuit. Doing this does a few things:
Decreases the effective permeability of the core
Decreasing permeability (also decreasing inductance) increases the amount of current that can be supplied to the transformer before saturating.